Ⅰ. Correct selection of plant protection machinery

1. Understand the characteristics, application methods and requirements of the fogger for diseases, insects and weeds. For example, understand the parts of the plant where the disease or insect occurs or harms, the dosage form, physical properties and dosage of the pesticide, the spraying operation method, whether the spray is constant, low or ultra-low, so as to choose the type of plant protection machinery.
2. Understand the natural conditions in the field and the adaptability of the plant protection machinery to it. For example, the flatness and planning of the field, whether it is a plain or a hill, dry farming or water-based plants, the size and height of the fruit trees, the gaps between trees, and the spacing between crop rows, and consider the adaptability of the selected fogger in field operations and its passing performance between fruit trees.
3. Understand the cultivation and growth of crops. For example, the height and density of the fogger crop, whether the spraying is in the seedling stage, the middle or late stage, the required parts and density of the pesticide coverage, the height and size of the fruit tree crown, and whether the performance of the spraying (spreading) components of the selected fogger plant protection machinery can meet the requirements.
4. According to the business model and scale, as well as economic conditions such as household contracting or collective management, the size of the area and the required productivity, purchasing power and the ability to bear the operating costs of machinery (pesticides, water supply, fuel or electricity costs, labor costs, etc.), determine the production capacity of the selected machinery, whether to choose human machinery or power machinery, and the size of the medicine machinery.
5. After selecting the model, when purchasing the fog machine, you should check whether the packaging is intact according to the packing list, and whether the random technical documents and accessories are complete.

Ⅱ. Use and maintenance of plant protection machinery

1. Make preparations before use. Carefully read and understand the instruction manual of the purchased machinery, and prepare rubber (or plastic) gloves and masks (or gas masks).
2. Strictly prepare the liquid medicine according to the instructions. For emulsion pesticides, add clean water to the medicine box first, then add the pesticide concentrate to the concentration specified by the fog machine, and mix well and filter before use; for wettable powder pesticides, the powder should be mixed into a paste first, and then the fog machine should add clean water to stir and filter before use.

(1) When operating a backpack sprayer, you should first press the rocker several times to make the pressure in the air chamber reach the working pressure, then turn on the switch and press the rocker while spraying. If the rocker feels heavy when pressing the fog machine, do not press too hard to avoid the air chamber from bursting and injuring people. Generally, press the rocker once every 2 to 3 steps, but not more than 25 times per minute.

(2) Before operating a backpack spray powder machine, you should first check the oil system and ignition system according to the relevant operating methods of the gasoline engine, and then start it to ensure that the gasoline engine works normally. During spraying, the machine should be in the spraying state. Before adding the liquid medicine, spray it with clean water once to check whether there is any leakage at the joints of the machine. The liquid medicine should not be filled too full and should not exceed the water level mark. After adding the medicine, tighten the medicine box cover. After starting the machine, run it at idle speed for 2 to 3 minutes, then adjust the throttle switch. After the fog machine reaches the rated speed, turn on the switch to spray the medicine. After the switch is turned on, it is strictly forbidden to stay in one place to spray pesticides to prevent pesticide damage to crops.

(3) During the spraying operation, the operator’s forward direction should be perpendicular to the spraying direction to prevent the operator from being harmed by the pesticide liquid. During the operation, if nausea or dizziness occurs, the operation should be stopped immediately.